United Kingdom Carbon Footprint

Overview: United Kingdom's emissions profile

United Kingdom is a Europe nation with a population of approximately 67 million. Its total annual CO₂ output of 414 million tonnes represents 1.1% of global emissions. On a per-capita basis, each person in United Kingdom is responsible for 5.5 tonnes of CO₂ per year — compared to the world average of 4.54 tonnes and the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C pathway target of 2.3 tonnes.

Renewable energy in United Kingdom

United Kingdom has a meaningful renewable energy base at 42%, broadly in line with or above the global average. Continued investment in wind, solar, and other clean sources will be key to meeting climate targets.

Net zero target and climate commitments

United Kingdom has committed to reaching net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. This aligns with the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global warming to 1.5°C.

The Paris Agreement (2015) requires countries to submit Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) — national plans for emissions reduction. Progress against these targets is tracked by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

Carbon intensity of the economy

United Kingdom's economy generates 0.13 kg of CO₂ per dollar of GDP — a measure of how carbon-efficient its economic output is. This is among the lowest carbon intensities globally, reflecting a highly efficient, service-dominated economy and/or a clean electricity grid.

How does United Kingdom compare?

With 5.5 tonnes CO₂ per person, United Kingdom is 21.1% above the world average of 4.54 tonnes. To meet the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C pathway, per-capita emissions globally need to fall to around 2.3 tonnes by 2030 — meaning United Kingdom needs to reduce per-capita emissions by 139% from today's levels.

Explore the interactive world emissions map to compare United Kingdom with other countries, or use our free carbon calculator to measure your own footprint.